水浮蓮干體吸附去除水中的銻（Ⅲ）

摘要: 以水浮蓮干體為生物吸附劑，考察不同吸附時(shí)間、初始pH、水浮蓮干體量、搖床轉(zhuǎn)速和反應(yīng)溫度等因素對廢水中銻(Ⅲ)的吸附影響；同時(shí)通過FTIR、動(dòng)力學(xué)模型以及等溫吸附模型等對吸附機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明：Sb3+初始濃度為50 mg/L、溶液初始pH為6.8、水浮蓮干體用量為1.0 g/25 mL、于(25±1)℃的恒溫振蕩搖床中以100 r/min振蕩吸附反應(yīng)120 min后，吸附率可達(dá)76.8%。水浮蓮干體對Sb3+的吸附是一個(gè)快速的過程，前10 min的吸附率為52.7%，60 min達(dá)到吸附平衡；初始pH對Sb3+的吸附有顯著的影響，適宜pH為6.8；在一定范圍內(nèi)，干體量的增加、搖床轉(zhuǎn)速的增大以及溫度的升高都會(huì)導(dǎo)致吸附率升高。

中文摘要:

以水浮蓮干體為生物吸附劑，考察不同吸附時(shí)間、初始pH、水浮蓮干體量、搖床轉(zhuǎn)速和反應(yīng)溫度等因素對廢水中銻(Ⅲ)的吸附影響；同時(shí)通過FTIR、動(dòng)力學(xué)模型以及等溫吸附模型等對吸附機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明：Sb3+初始濃度為50 mg/L、溶液初始pH為6.8、水浮蓮干體用量為1.0 g/25 mL、于(25±1)℃的恒溫振蕩搖床中以100 r/min振蕩吸附反應(yīng)120 min后，吸附率可達(dá)76.8%。水浮蓮干體對Sb3+的吸附是一個(gè)快速的過程，前10 min的吸附率為52.7%，60 min達(dá)到吸附平衡；初始pH對Sb3+的吸附有顯著的影響，適宜pH為6.8；在一定范圍內(nèi)，干體量的增加、搖床轉(zhuǎn)速的增大以及溫度的升高都會(huì)導(dǎo)致吸附率升高。結(jié)合FTIR譜圖分析得出吸附為化學(xué)、物理吸附；準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型比準(zhǔn)一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型能更好地描述水浮蓮干體對Sb3+的吸附過程；Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等溫模型均適合對吸附過程進(jìn)行擬合，但Langmuir模型能更好地反映吸附特性，298 K時(shí)最大吸附量為1.394 mg/g。水浮蓮干體對Sb3+有良好的吸附效果，可用于處理含銻廢水，達(dá)到以廢治廢的目的。

英文摘要:

The dried Pistia stratiotes L. biomass used as a biosorbent for the removal of Sb3+ from aqueous solutions was investigated under the experimental conditions， such as various time， initial pH， sorbent dosage， shaker’s rotating speed and temperature. The biosorption mechanism was explored by FTIR analysis， kinetic and isothermal biosorption experiments. Results showed that the Sb3+ in the water could be removed up to 76.8% at pH of 6.8， biosorbent dosage of 1 g/25 mL， shaker’s rotating speed of 100 r/min， adsorption time of 120 min， and initial concentration of Sb3+ of 50 mg/L， and ambient temperature (25±1)℃. The kinetics of biosorption was relatively fast， about 52.7% of Sb3+ removal occurred within 10 min and equilibrium was attained within 60 min. Initial pH of solution was the important factor affecting biosorption and optimal pH was 6.8. The adsorption capacity increased with the increase of biosorbent dosage， rotating speed and reaction temperature in an appropriate range. By the analysis of FTIR， the adsorption included chemical and physical processes. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model could better characterize the biosorption processes of the metals than the pseudo-first-order kinetics model. The biosorption process could be well described using isothermal adsorption equations of Langmuir and Freundlich model. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model best reflected the adsorption characteristics. The maximum adsorption capacity of the biosorbent was 1.394 mg/g at 298 K. The results of this study show that waste Pistia stratiotes L. biomass is a good absorbent for removal of Sb3+ from wastewater， which is a strategy of controlling waste by waste.

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